JAIN MATH MOODBIDRI CONTACT NUMBER 08258-236418

JAIN MATH MOODBIDRI CONTACT NUMBER +91 8258-236418 AND 9448429135

shruta kevali badrabahu charana sthapana at usa siddachalam

edication of Tonk in Honor of ACHARYA SHRUTA KEVALI SRI Bhadrabahu
Siddhachalam Invites You!

With immense pleasure Siddhachalam invites you to the dedication ceremony of Tonk in honor of Acharya Shree Bhadrabahu Swami on Sunday, November 15, 2015.
Shree Bhadrabahu Swami was the last Shrutkevali (one who has complete scriptural knowledge of Jain Dharma as preached by Kevali Bhagwan) and the last Acharya of the undivided Jain Sangh.

Acharya Bhadrabahu Swami was born in a Brahmin family. By practicing gyan, dhyan, tap and sanyam he became a Jain Acharya by following the teachings of Shree Mahaveer Bhagwan. Acharya Bhadrabahu Swami was the spiritual teacher of Chandragupta Maurya and wrote several texts related to Jainism, including some of the most important works, Uvasaggahara Stotra and Kalpa Sūtra. Bhadrabahu swami is considered to be the last expert of the fourteen Purvas. Acharya Bhadrabahu Swami had a profound impact on the development and spread of Jain Dharma in India.

This will be first major shrine outside of India dedicated in the honor and respect of this great sage.

The laabh for dedication of the Tonk has been availed by the family of Shri Fakir Chand and Manjulaben Dalal of Maryland, USA. The dedication ceremony will be held at Siddhachalam on Sunday, November 15, 2015.
All are welcome!

The schedule of the program is as follows.

Sunday, November 15, 2015

5:00 a.m.
Opening of the Temples

5:30 a.m. - 7:00 a.m.
Daily Siddhachalam Puja-prakshal-abhishek
Main Temple and Parsvnath Temple

7:00 a.m. - 8:00 a.m.
Nityaniyam Puja in Parsvnath Temple

7:00 a.m. - 8:00 a.m.
Snatra Puja in Main Temple

8:00 a.m. - 9:30 a.m.
Navgrah Puja
Das Dikpal Puja
Asht Mangal Puja
Dhwaj Puja in Main Temple

9:30 a.m. - 11:00 a.m.
Pratishtha of Shri Bhadrabahu Swami performed by Bhattarak Charukeerthiji & Sharvanji Joshi
Tonk near Main Office

11:15 p.m. - 12:15 p.m.
Ashtprakari Puja
Maha-arg
Shantipaath
Aarti
Shanti Kalash
Visarjan in Main Temple

12:30 p.m. - 1:10 p.m.
Shri Neminath Prabhu Chyavan Kalyanak
Tonk #30

1:00 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
Gyan Panchami Celebration in Parsvnath Temple
Saraswati Mata Pujan
Manibhadra Veer Pujan

Upcoming Events

Saturday, November 21

1:00 p.m. - 3 p.m.
3:30 p.m. - 5 p.m.
Explaination and Meditation on Loggasa Sutra
by Sadhvi Sahejaji

Thank you and looking forward to welcoming you to your tirth!

Siddhachalam Jain Tirth
111 Hope Road
Blairstown, NJ 07825
USA

This message was sent to jainkashi@yahoo.com from:
Kul Bhushan Jain | 111 Hope Road | Blairstown, NJ 07825

Hillock listed as tank in revenue records - The Hindu

Hillock listed as tank in revenue records - The Hindu

http//www.jainthirthmoodbidri.com

http//www.jainthirthmoodbidri.com

The 18 Basadis of Moodbidri MANAGEING TRUSTEE SWASTHI SHREE CHARUKEERTHI P SWAMIJI

The 18 Basadis of Moodbidri

1.  The Thousand Pillar Basadi of Sri Chandranatha Swamy

A SIDDANTHA BASADI

B JINAVANI MANDIR RAMA RANI RESERCH CENTRE

2.  Guru Basadi of Bhagavan Parshwanatha Swamy

3.  Vikrama Shetty Basadi of Bhagavan Adinathaswamy

4.  Shettara Basadi of Sri Mahaveera Swamy

5.  Kallu Basadi of Chandranatha Swamy

6.  Leppada Basadi Sri Chandranatha Swamy

7.  Deramma Shetty Basadi of Sri Mallinatha Swamy

8.  Chola Shetty Basadi Bhagavan Padmaprabha Swamy

9.  Mahadeva Shetty Basadi Bhagavan Adinatha Swamy

10. Baikanathikari Basadi Bhagavan Sri Ananthanatha Swamy

11. Kere Basadi Sri Mallinatha Swamy

12. Pathasale Basadi Muni Suvratha Swamy(D.J SANGHA)

13. Koti Setty Basadi Bhagavan Neminatha Theerthankara

14. Betkeri Basadi Bhagavan Sri Mahaveera Swamy

15. Hire Basadi Bhagavan Shantinatha Swamy(KATTEMAR FAMILY)

16. Mathada Basadi Bhagavan Sri Parshwanatha Swamy

17. Padu Basadi of Bhagavan Vimala, Anantha and Dharmanatha  

18. Badaga Basadi Chandranatha Swamy

* * *

Famous poets & writers of Moodbidri

Ratnakara Varni, author of Bharatesha Vaibhavam/16^th century

P. Seetharama Bhat, Writer of Childrens’ literature, Central Sahitya Academy Award winner

Devakumara Shastry, author of Jaina Aradhana Vidhana Samgraha

Lokanatha Shastry, Balabodha Jaina Dharma

* * *

Moodbidri at a glance

·         On N. H. 13 (From Mangalore to Kolhapur)

·         Known as Jain Kashi.

·         Is a Hobli but a taluk in the making

·         Has a population of about 35,000

·        dotted with ancient Basadis, forts, temples, towers, palaces and other historic and esthetic attractions

·         Optimal climate

·         is the house of Dhavalatraya Granthas and precious stone idols of Jainism.

·         Jains have been living in and around the place even before the 3^rd century A.D. when Bhadrabahu Muni with his 12000 disciples and the emperor Chandragupta Mourya came to Karntaka.

·         The Nagasarovara mentioned in the Nirvana Khanda of Dashabhakti is Moodbidri.

·         Jinavani treasure Houses the Jain Math of Swasthi Sri Charukeerthi Pandithacharyavarya

·         The first Charukeerthi was one of the disciples of Nemichandra, the Siddhanta Chakravarthi.

·         There were Jain Basadis in about 160 villages in the undivided Dakshin Kannada District (now divided into 3 districts).

·         Has 3 Engg. Colleges, 1 Ayurvedic Medical College, and a host PUC and degree colleges.

ರಾಜ ಗುರು ಚಾರುಕೀರ್ತಿ ಸ್ವಾಮೀಜಿ ಮಠವು ಐತಿಹಾಸಿಕ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಮಠ .

ಜೈನ ದೇವಾಲಯಗಳಿಗೆಂದೇ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಹೊಂದಿರುವ ಮೂಡಬಿದಿರೆ ಜೈನ ಕಾಶಿ ಎಂದೇ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿಯಾಗಿದೆ. ಇಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಹೊಳಪುಳ್ಳ ಗ್ರಾನೈಟ್ ಬಳಸಿ ನಿರ್ಮಿಸಿರುವ ಚಂದ್ರನಾಥ ದೇವಾಲಯವು ಅತ್ಯಾಕರ್ಷಕವಾಗಿದೆ. ವಿಶಿಷ್ಟ ಕೆತ್ತನೆಗಳಿಂದ ಕಂಗೊಳಿಸುರವ 1000 ಕಂಬಗಳು ,ಈ ದೇವಾಲಯದಲ್ಲಿರುವುದು ವಿಶೇಷ ಹೊಯ್ಸಳ ಅರಸರು ದ್ವಾರಸಮುದ್ರ (ಇಂದಿನ ಹಳೆಬೀಡು)ವನ್ನು ರಾಜಧಾನಿಯನ್ನಾಗಿ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಂಡು ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆ ನಡೆಸಿದ್ದರು.ಹೊಯ್ಸಳ ಅರಸರು ಜೈನ ಧರ್ಮವನ್ನು ಪಾಲಿಸಿದರಾದರೂ, ಅವರು ಎಲ್ಲ ಧರ್ಮಾವಲಂಬಿಗಳಿಗೂ ಒಂದೇ ದೃಷ್ಟಿಯಿಂದ ... ಹೊಯ್ಸಳ ಅರಸರು ಶಿವನಿಗೆ, ವಿಷ್ಣುವಿಗೆ ಈ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕಟ್ಟಿಸಿರುವ ಹಲವಾರು ದೇವಾಲಯಗಳು ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ಸಾಕ್ಷಿಯಾಗಿವೆ ದೊರೆ ಎರಡನೆಯ ವೀರಬಲ್ಲಾಳನ ರಾಜ ಗುರು ಚಾರುಕೀರ್ತಿ ಸ್ವಾಮೀಜಿ ಮಠವು ಐತಿಹಾಸಿಕ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧ ಮಠ . ಶಕ 1220 ರಲ್ಲಿ ಶ್ರೀ ಮಠ ಎರಡನೆಯ ಹೊಯ್ಸಳ ವೀರಬಲ್ಲಾಳನ ಜೀವ ರಕ್ಷ ಪಾಲಕ ಆಧ್ಯಾಚಾರುಕೀರ್ತಿ ಸ್ವಾಮೀಜಿ ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಿದರು ,ಬನ್ನಿಕೆರೆ ಉತ್ತುಂಗ ಜಿನ ಚೈತ್ಯಾಲಯದಲ್ಲಿದ್ದ ಆಚಾರ್ಯ ಶುಭ ಚಂದ್ರ ರಲ್ಲಿದ್ದ ಧವಳ ಗ್ರಂಥ ಏಕೈಕಮೂಲ ಸಿದ್ದಾಂತ ಗ್ರಂಥ ಪ್ರತಿ ಲಿಪಿ ಮೂಡಬಿದಿರೆ ಜೈನ ಕಾಶಿ ಯಲ್ಲಿಸಂರಕ್ಷಣೆ ಮಾಡಿರುವುದರಿಂದ ಮೂಡಬಿದಿರೆ ಶ್ರೀ ಮಠಹಾಗೂ ಜೈನ ಕಾಶಿ 18, ಬಸದಿ, ದೇವಾಲಯ ಭಕ್ತ ರಿಗೆ ಪ್ರವಾಸಿಗರಿಗೆ ಪ್ರಖ್ಯಾತ ತೀರ್ಥಯಾತ್ರಾ ಸ್ಥಳವನ್ನಾಗಿಸಿವೆ

JEEVADAYATAMI AND BHAGWAAN SHEETALNATH MOKSHA KALYAAN 21-10-15 MOODBIDRI THIRTH

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SWAMIJI MOODBIDRI ATTEND PARLIAMENT OF WORLD RELIGIONS http://rnnlive.com/2015/10/moodbidri-swamiji/

http://rnnlive.com/2015/10/moodbidri-swamiji/

DAILY DUTIES OF HOUSEHOLDER PRACTICE JAINS or Who respect Nonviolence

Dharmanuraagi,
Get up before dawn, Recite Namoakara Mantra,suprabhata stotra  and by it purify your mind, and perform morning samayika  Pratikraman with proper attention to look over the faults committed during night rather not commencing sinful inclinations in the early morning.
took Jinendra Bhagwaan Darshan
if there any  Veetaraag Guruji took his blessings fallow his advise
or do Ganadhar Poorvacharya's pooja, Vrashabha Sena,Gouthama  Ganadhar,Acharya kunda kunda, Veera sena,Jina sena ,Akalanka,Acharya Nemichandra, Adhya charukeerthi bhattarak swamiji

Read Veetharaag bhagwaan divine message 
tolerate mind,speak,body wordly actions very care fully
Meditate  ,12 Bhavana think about Moksha
Donate,help ,voluntary work temple,community,animal,bird,nature  care,different place all humanitarian  service

Illumine your mind by praying to Bhagawan Mahavir according to established procedure after finishing Samayika  ,SthvanaPratikraman or Maghanandi Dhyana sootra and then praise him and study some of his teachings.
Respectfully behave with your parents and start your worldly actions very carefully so as to be free from hurting any living being and not forgetting soul's benefit.
Before taking meals have much eagerness to offer from your prepared meals to the deserving persons i.e. self realized Saints or persons devoted to religious life, and if you get such opportunity please act accordingly.
Keep a fixed time for meals and movements as well as for study of religious scriptures and for reflecting on philosophical works.
In the evening perform religious duties etc., as daily discipline. i.e. perform Samayika Pratikraman with proper attention and all care.(48 minute)
Perform  Pratyakhyan - Decide not to eat four types of food during night.
Sleep for a fixed time at night.
Before going to bed, beg pardon for  sources of sin ( Pap Sihanak), for faults occurred in observance of twelve vows, apologize all living beings and then after chanting Panch Parmeshthi Mantra take sleep in full peace  Samadhi Bhavana remember think pure soul Sidda Bhagwaanwith best healthy feelings of soul.
These general rules will be very beneficial to you, giving happiness and peace. I have told them briefly. By thinking more deeply on them and by following them well they will be more and more beneficial to you and lead you to supreme liberation.

Veteran music director and lyricist Ravindra Jain, who was undergoing treatment at suburban Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai, passed away at 4:10 pm today (October 9).
Hospital’s doctor, Jalil Parkar, confirmed: “Musician RAVINDRA Jain passed away 15mins (4.10 pm) back in LILAVATI icu.”
The 71-year-old music composer was shifted from Wockhardt Hospital, Nagpur, to Mumbai on Wednesday by an air ambulance for treatment. He was suffering from a urinary infection that led to kidney malfunction. moodbidri seer honoured him several times Delhi,FIROZABAD,MUMBAI SWAMIJI SAYS HIS ETERNAL SOUL MAY GET PEACE&UTTAM SADGATI

ART PERFORMANCE AT SALTLAKECITY USA CPWR PARLIAMENT OF WORLD RELIGION

Wake: Reborn Soul

North Foyer SALTLAKE CITY OCTOBER18 SUNDAY 8.30 A.M TO 9.45 A.M INTERNATIONAL PARLAMENT OF WORLD RELIGION CONVENTION CENTRE UTAH STATE USA 

Description

A soul is usually reborn countless times in different lifetimes, sometimes developing spiritually, sometimes deteriorating spiritually. Spiritual progress is not normally a matter of a code of conduct that must follow all living beings especially human beings so, we will be drawing colorful diagrams and telling meaningful stories based on Jaina way of life.

Presenters

·         Swasthi Sri Charukeerthi Panditacharyavarya Maha Swamiji JAIN MATH MOODBIDRI INDIA

Moodbidri ANCIANT JAIN MATH

Moodbidri is variously called as Moodabidure, Moodubidre and Moodubidri. The North Indians calls it Moolbidri. In ancient rock edicts it is called Bidire. Perhaps the place got its name from bidiru (bamboos) which grew here aplenty. In Sanskrit it is called Vamshapura, Venupura, Kshema Venupura and Prag-venupura. In Sanskrit vamsha and venu means bamboo.

Therefore it is suggested that both the Sanskritic and indigenous names are derived from bamboo which grew here copiously. Since there is another Bidre on the shores of the Arabian Sea on the west (padu), this Bidre on the east (moodu) might have been called Moodbidre. As both these names are indigenous, the word bidre occurring in both names suggests bamboo. Since religious people used to receive religious oath from the Mutt here, the place was also called Vratha-pura, vratha meanining oath or vow.

The Ahimsa Dharmapeeta

All the records relating to religious and developmental activities in Moodbidri have reference to Swasthi Sri Charukeerthi Bhattaraka Pandithacharyavarya math established origin independently 1220 a.d at moodbidri ,moodbidri jain math  branches are nalluru jain math,shrvanthapur, byakodu harige, sagar taluk shivmogga district bilagi, (shwetapura)sangeethapur  haduvalli ,kumta honnavara,bhatkal  uttar kannada district Karnataka state

swamiji charukeerthi bhattaraka manageing trustee of all the 18 basadi

later 1970 16 basadi and ramani reserch centre saraswati mandir ,shastra bandaram and jain math incluse still swamiji is 18 institutes manageing trustee present swamiji successor and took position of manageing trustee 29th aug 1999

And Abhinava Charukeerthi Pandithacharyavarya of the Jain Mutt of Moodbidri. They refer to permission granted and guidance offered. There are statements about him having granted land for the construction of the Thousand Pillar Basadi of Sri Chandranatha Swami and also having given guidance on it from time to time. Studies show that the role of Sri Charukeerthi Bhattaraka in the renaissance of the social, religious and cultural life of Moodbidri is great. However the date of the establishment of this mutt1220 also muni parampara begin desiya gana mool sang  pattavali  parshwanatha muni  and shruta kevali badra bahu,acharya kund kund 2000 years before observe tapasya here  by the study of records.

The first ever recorded reference to Swasthi Sri Charukeerthi Bhattaraka Pandithacharyavarya can be seen in a rock edict of Lokanatha Devarasa of Guru Basadi at Hiriyangady, Karkala,  dating to A. D. 1334. In that edict, Devarasa calls himself as  ballaalaraayachittha chamathkaararum manthravaadi makaradhvajarumappa sreemathu chaarukeerthi pandhitha devara divyashreepaadapadmaaraadhaka. But this Mutt of Moodbidri must have been established still earler. Even Dr. Gururaja Bhat says that the date of establishment of the Mutt is hard to be determnined.

But Pandit Lokanatha Shasthri in his book ‘The History of Moodbidri’ informs us that the Mutt came to being in A. D. 1121. It seems to be right. As we have noted before, prior to 9^th century A. D. this area was the centre of Shakthi worship. But Jainism had come to coastal Karnataka earlier and, having won the hearts of people, was spreading and had come to Moodbidri also. Perhaps there was a clash between Shakti worship and the Ahimsa of Jainism. Having attracted the people greatly, Jainism came on top. It is quite natural that Jains exerted their attention to attract the people toward them and gain their co-operation and thus to gain an upper hand by cultural activities at a time when Jainism was spreading around Moodbidri and Buddhism (Kadri in Mangalore was a Buddhist centre) was on the wane. Religious literature must have been composed and Jina Mandirs must have been established to acquaint people of the inner strength and superiority of Jain culture when social differences came to the fore in Moodbidri which was home for many castes and creeds. The necessity to establish a Mutt to safeguard the Jain interests and for guidance of people must have been realized.

An earliest Charukeerthi Swamy, the protector of the HOYSALA KING Ballals, comes to Nallur near Karkala in coastal Karnataka from Shravanabelagola with his regnant elephant with a view to promoting religiosity in society, the alleviation of diseases and suffering and taking the Jain precept to the people. Being influenced by him, large sections of people take to the worship of Mother DIETY  Kushmandini Devi. The Mother, pleased by the calm and hallowed surroundings, suggests Her inclination to stay there permanently.

Listening to the plea of the religious people of Moodbidri, Pujya Swamiji arrives here for the spread of the Jain precept and guidance. As part of propagating Jainism he establishes a Mutt here. In future a Brahmachari well-versed in the precepts is sent to the Sri Mutt in Shravanabelagola. At that time it was convenient practically easy to name this Mutt after Shravanabelgola. Therefore the Head of the Mutt here also was designated Shrimannijaghatikasthana, Delhi, Kanakadri, Shwetapura, Sudhapura, Sangithapura, Shreemad-belagola, Kshema-venupura Siddhasimhasanaadheeshwara Swasti Shree Bhattaraka Charukeerthi Pandithacharyavarya.

Because of the popularity of Jainism and the stature of the Head of the Mutt, Moodbidri grew as a major Jain cultural centre. The Head of the Mutt offered support and encouragement to the achievements of the people around. For that reason he has been referred to and eulogized reverently in many literary works. Besides the edict of Hiriyangady, in the edict of Harihara of 1312 A. D. he has been referred to as Shree Mathu Abhinava Charukeerthi Panditha Deva  In the edicts on the walls of the Thousand Pillar Basadi he is referred to as Nathanripamakutamanipraarchchithapadayuganakhila shaastra parinathanu vrithathilavrithram sheelonnathanabhinava charukeerthi panditha munipam and also as shreemadraaya raajaguru bhoomandalaachaaryavarya mahaapaada vaadeeshvararaaya vaadipithaamaha sakala vidvajjanachakravarthigalumappashreemadabhinava chaarukeerthi panditha devaru.

Inviting Jains of the World to the 2015 Parliament Oct 2015! - JAINA-JainLink

Inviting Jains of the World to the 2015 Parl iament Oct 2015! - JAINA-JainLink

email to Kirit Daftary at kcdaftary@gmail.com

Inviting Jains of the World to the 2015 Parliament Oct 2015! - JAINA-JainLink

Inviting Jains of the World to the 2015 Parliament Oct 2015! - JAINA-JainLink

Karkal: Venkat Rao award presented to Renjala Ramakrishna Rao

Karkal: Venkat Rao award presented to Renjala Ramakrishna Rao

courtesy News and pics: Renjala Kundeshwara Daijiworld Media Network – Karkal (EP) Karkala, Feb 24: The Venkat Rao Memorial Award given to outstanding Yakshagana artistes annually was conferred on senior artiste Renjala Ramakrishna Rao of Kateelu Mela, this year. The award was presented in Kukkundooru Durgaparameshwari Temple in the presence of Moodbidri Jain Math Swami on Saturday February 21. Charukeerthi Bhattaraka Pandithacharya Varya Swamiji who presented the award said that Yakshagana and Talamaddale are our Sanatana traditions. Those are helpful to understand our culture. Those improve our Satwika character, he said.

Renjala Ramakrishna Rao spoke after receiving the honour and said that it is necessary to study and conduct research on the part of artist.

Chief priest Shankernarayan Bhat said that it is possible to understand Ramayana and Mahabharatha classics by Yakshagana.

Chief guest, Kannada Prabha chief reporter Jithendra Kundeshwara spoke and said that mental depression goes away and mental health improves with Yakshagana. Melas have done the work of the media besides spreading the glory of the pilgrimage centers, he said.

Vedamurthi Sadshiva Bhat, Jayakar Rao Kunjarugiri, Shanker Madiwala Shankerabettu and Shama Shetty Kodyelu were felicitated on the occasion. Managing trustee Rathnaraja Mudya presided over the programme.

Retired headmaster Jagadish Hegde, artiste Karje Sridhara Hebbar, Bailur Dr Majunath Kini, businessman Ganapathi Pai, Udaya V Shetty,Harish Nayak Kangithlu and Srinivasa Rao were present.

Beluvayi Yakshadevananda Mandali's Devananda Bhat gave a key note address. Advocate Ramana Acharya gave a congratulatory speech.Organizer Udaya Rao welcomed. Rajendra Prasad read the award certificate. Shanker Devadiga proposed vote of thanks. Prasad Aisira compered the programme.

 resented to Renjala Ramakrishna Rao

Indra dwaj vidaan

             

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Workshop on ‘Dharma in Jainism’ at Manipal

thehindu.com

Manipal Centre for Philosophy and Humanities, a constituent of Manipal University, will organise a workshop on ‘Dharma in Jainism’ here on Monday and Tuesday.1-2-15

swasthi shree charukeerthi bhattarak swamiji moodbidri  says his paper karma in jainism

THEORY OF KARMA

Why do some students do well in school collage,university while others struggle? 

Why do

some earn money easily while others are poor?  Why do some suffer while

others enjoy their lives?  Why do some live longer while others die at

a young age?

why some one give troubles harm to otheres ?

why some one violent?

The answers to all of these questions is the effects of our karmas.

The theory of karma explains how, why, and what happens to us. It also

explains the role that karmas play in our lives, how we accumulate

karmas, and how we get rid of them.

Karmas are the derivatives of karman particles.  Karman particles are

non-living matter scattered all around us and all over the universe.

They are very fine particles that cannot be seen even with a

microscope.  A cluster of innumerable karman particles is called Karman

Vargana.   When you act with passions like attachment, anger, greed,

ego, or deceitfulness, Karman Varganas are attracted towards your soul.

 Karman Varganas that are attached to your soul are called karmas.

THE PROCESS OF BONDAGE

The following paragraph has been revised from the original.*

Whenever we think, speak, or act, Karman Varganas around us are attracted

to our souls.  (This process is called Asrava in Sanskrit.)  The Varganas

become bonded to our soul depending on our passions: anger, ego, greed,

and deceit.  Once they are bonded, they are called Karma. (The bondage is

called Bandh in Sanskrit.)  The Karma can be furthur divided into two

concepts, Bhav Karma and Dravya Karma.  Bhav Karma is the non-physical

thinking or activity that attracts the Karman Varganas. Dravya Karma is

the physical Karman Varganas themselves that have attached to the soul. 

There cannot be Dravya Karma without the Bhav Karma and both of these

concepts occur at the same time.  In a simplified sense, one can think of

the Bhav Karma as 'thoughts' because mental activity is at the base of

all activity of the soul.  However, the true understanding is that the

Bhav Karma is the non-physical part of the Karma.

There are three ways to perform activities; mentally, verbally, and

physically.  We can take each of these a step further in three more

ways.  We can perform the activities ourselves, ask someone else to

perform the activities for us, or encourage someone else to perform the

activities.  Thus, there are nine ways to perform any activity.  Out of

all of these activities, mental activities have the farthest reaching

effects on our souls.

At the time of bondage of karmas to the soul, four characteristics of

karmas are decided. They are:

1) Prakriti (nature).

2) Pradesh (quantity).

3) Sthiti (duration).

4) Anubhag (intensity).

The nature and quantity of karmas depend on the vigor of the activities,

while the duration and intensity of karmas depend upon the intensity of

the desires behind the activities.

I.  PRAKRITI (NATURE OF BONDAGE)

There are eight types of karmas.  Depending upon your activities, you

can accumulate one or more of these eight karmas:

1) Jnanavarniya - Knowledge-Obscuring Karma

2) Darshanavarniya - Perception-Obscuring Karma

3) Antar�ya - Obstructive Karma

4) Mohniya - Deluding Karma

5) Nam - Body-determining Karma

6) Gotra - Status-determining Karma

7) Vedniya - Feeling-Producing Karma

8) Ayushya - Age-Determining Karma

These karmas are grouped into two categories Ghati Karmas (destructive)

and Aghati Karmas (non-destructive).  Ghati Karmas destroy the true

nature of the soul.  Aghati Karmas do not destroy the nature of the

soul, but affect the body in which the soul resides. The first four

types of karmas are Ghati karmas, and last four are aghati karmas.

II.  PRADESH (QUANTITY OF BONDAGE)

If the physical vigor of our activities is slight, then we accumulate

fewer karman particles, but if the physical vigor is strong, then we

accumulate larger numbers of karman particles on our soul.

III. STHITI (DURATION OF BONDAGE)

The duration of the karmic particles to be bonded with the soul is

decided by the intensity of our desires at the time of the activity.

The milder the intensity, the shorter is the duration of the bondage of

the karmas. The stronger the intensity, the longer is the duration of

bondage.  The time karmas stay bonded to the soul range from a fraction

of a second to an innumerable numbers of years.

IV.  ANUBHAG (INTENSITY OF RESULTS)

The intensity of karmas depends upon how intense our passions are at the

time of our activities. The lesser the intensity of our passions, the

less severe is the result of the bondage; the greater the intensity,

the more severe the result of the bondage.

When karmas attach to the soul, there are four levels of bondage:

1.  Sprusta or Sithil (Loose): Karmas can be easily shed by regret.

2.  Baddha or Gadha (Tight): Karmas can be shed by offering an apology.

3.  Nidhatta (Tighter): Karmas can shed by very strong efforts, like

austerity.

4.  Nikachit (Tightest): Karmas can only be shed by bearing the results.

It should be realized that it is not always true that we have to wait in

order to bear the results of our karmas; we can change the course of

our karmas before they mature. It can be changed in duration and

intensity as well as in nature too. This is very important point

because it means, that not only we do have control over our karmas, but

that we can change our fate. For explanatory purpose let us understand

some terms.

1)  Abadhakal - the duration of bondage of karmas to the soul, which

starts from the time of the karmas� bondage until its maturity.

2)  Bandh - bondage of karmas to the soul.

3)  Uday - refers to the results of karmas being manifested in normal

during their normal maturation time.

4)  Udirana - refers to the results of karmas being manifested

prematurely.

5)  Satta - refers to those karmas which are dormant on the soul.

6)  Sankramana - Depending of our activities, bonded karmas can

transform within some of their sub-types. Example: Shata and Ashata

Vedniya karmas are the two sub-types of Vedniya karmas. Shata Vedniya

karma causes comfort while Ashata Vedniya karma causes discomfort. If

our current activities causes comfort to someone then our Ashata

Vedniya karma gets transformed to Shata Vedniya karma. And, so it works

for opposite activities.

7)  Utkarshana - increase of duration and intensity of karmas which are

already bonded to the soul.

8)  Apakramana - diminution of duration and intensity of karmas which

are already bonded.

9)  Upashama - state in which karmas are suppressed and cannot produce

results.

10) Nidhatti bondage - type of bondage in which karmas are neither

brought into operation prematurely nor transferred into that of another

sub-class, but may increase or decrease in duration and intensity of

results.

11) Nikachit bondage - type of bondage in which karmas do not operate

prematurely, nor transferred, nor increase or decrease in duration or

intensity of results.

12) Samuddhat - After achieving perfect knowledge, Kevali Bhagwan

(Omniscient, Omnipotent) realized that the duration and quantity of

Vedniya, Nam and Gotra Karmas were greater than that of Ayushya Karma.

Therefore, by expanding the size and shape of the soul (Atma

Pradeshes), Kevali Bhagwan made the duration and quantity of Vedniya,

Nam and Gotra Karmas equal to that of Ayushya Karma. This process is

called Samuddhat.

13) Shaileshikaran - Immediately before his final death (Nirvana),

Kevali Bhagwan went into very pure meditation during which there was no

activity and hence no inflow of karma at all. This stage lasted very

short period during which one can speak five short letters only. It is

called Saileshikaran. During this time, Kevali Bhagwan discarded all

remaining Vedniya, Nam, Gotra, and Ayushya Karmas for ever.

Karmas obstruct these eight attributes of a pure soul:

1)  Kevaljnana (Perfect Knowledge) - State in which the soul knows

everything, past, present, and future that is happening in the world,

all at the same time. Jnanavarniya Karma obscures this attribute.

2)  Kevaldarshan (Perfect Perception) - State in which the soul can see,

hear, and perceive everything from the past, present, and future all at

the same time.

      Darshanavarniya Karma obscures this attribute.

3)  Anant Virya (Infinite Power) -  State in which the soul has infinite

power.

      Antar�ya Karma obstructs this attribute.

4)  Vitraga (Victory over Inner Enemies) - State in which the pure soul

has no attachment or hatred for anyone. Mohniya Karma obscures this

attribute.

Aforementioned four attributes of the soul are experienced by Lord

Arihants.  The following four attributes are experienced only when the

soul is liberated, when Lord Arihants become Lord Siddhas upon their

death.

5) Infinite Bliss (No Joy or Sorrow) - State in which there is no pain,

suffering, or happiness; the soul has ultimate peace. Vedniya Karma

obscures this attribute.

6) Ajaramar (End of the Cycle of Birth and Death) - Point at which the

soul is never again born. Ayushya Karma obscures this attribute.

7) Arupi (No form) - State in which the pure soul no longer occupies a

body and is formless. Nam Karma obscures this attribute.

8) Agurulaghu (End of Status) - fact that all liberated souls are equal;

none is higher  or lower in status than any other. Gotra Karma obscures

this attribute.